FTX was once a leading centralized cryptocurrency exchange (CEX) known for its innovative trading products, robust derivatives market, and dynamic ecosystem. Although the platform underwent significant changes in 2022, its structural design and service offerings remain influential in shaping modern crypto trading platforms.
This comprehensive overview explores FTX’s core functionalities, including its spot markets, futures and leverage products, trading pairs, fee structure, and unique features such as tokenized stocks and indices—offering valuable insights for traders and investors interested in advanced digital asset platforms.
Core Market Offerings
FTX distinguished itself by focusing heavily on derivatives trading, particularly perpetual and quarterly futures contracts. These instruments allowed traders to speculate on price movements without owning the underlying assets. The platform supported high leverage—up to 101x on certain leveraged tokens—catering to experienced traders seeking amplified exposure.
In addition to futures, FTX provided full-featured spot trading with over 100 supported trading pairs. Users could trade major cryptocurrencies like BTC, ETH, and SOL against both digital assets and fiat currencies such as USD, EUR, GBP, and AUD. This flexibility made FTX accessible to global users seeking diverse entry points into the crypto market.
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FTX Indices: Diversified Exposure Made Simple
One of FTX’s standout innovations was its suite of proprietary indices, designed to give traders exposure to specific market segments through a single instrument:
- EXCH: Tracks major exchange-based tokens like BNB, OKB, HT, LEO, and FTT.
- DRGN (Dragon Index): Includes legacy blockchain projects such as NEO, TRX, QTUM, VET, and ONT.
- ALT: Composed of large-cap altcoins outside the top-tier assets.
- MID: Focuses on mid-cap cryptocurrencies with growing ecosystems.
- SHIT: A speculative index of low-market-cap tokens—popular among risk-tolerant traders.
- PRIV: Dedicated to privacy coins like ZEC and XMR.
- DEFI: Captures performance across decentralized finance protocols and tokens.
- WSB: Mirrors the r/WallStreetBets-driven "meme" trend, including DOGE and other community-driven assets.
These indices enabled portfolio diversification and thematic investing, allowing users to bet on trends rather than individual coins.
Trading Fees and Incentive Structure
FTX operated on a tiered fee model based on 30-day trading volume. For users with less than $2 million in monthly volume:
- Maker fee: 0.020%
- Taker fee: 0.070%
Fees decreased progressively with higher trading volumes, rewarding active participants. High-volume traders could reach VIP tiers offering up to a 40% discount on fees.
Holders of FTT, FTX’s native utility token, received additional benefits:
- Users holding at least $100 worth of FTT qualified for reduced trading fees.
- Those with over $2 million in FTT reached VIP 3 status.
- Market makers earned rebates of up to 0.030%, with maker fees dropping to zero for accounts holding 25 FTT.
This token economy incentivized loyalty and platform engagement.
Leveraged Tokens and Derivatives
Leveraged tokens were among FTX’s most distinctive offerings. Unlike traditional margin trading, these rebalanced daily to maintain fixed leverage (e.g., 3x long or short), simplifying access to leveraged positions without requiring collateral management.
Key details:
- Creation and redemption fee: 0.10%
- Daily management fee: 0.03%
- Maximum leverage: Up to 101x on select pairs
While powerful, these products carried significant risks due to compounding effects during volatile markets—making them suitable only for sophisticated traders.
Notably, FTX did not charge fees for:
- Futures settlements
- OTC trades (fees included in quotes)
- Wallet transfers or deposits
- Futures commissions (charged in USD but transparently priced)
Tokenized Stocks and Integrated Financial Services
FTX pioneered the integration of traditional finance with crypto through tokenized stocks—digital representations of real-world equities like TSLA, AMZN, AAPL, and BABA. These could be traded 24/7 on both spot and futures markets,不受常规股市交易时间限制.
In May 2022, FTX launched a beta version of its Stocks Platform, enabling users to trade non-tokenized stocks alongside crypto and NFTs. This all-in-one approach aimed to bridge Wall Street and Web3, supporting:
- Fractional share investing
- ETF trading
- Unified portfolio management
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NFT Marketplace and Additional Features
FTX also entered the NFT space with a self-service marketplace:
- Listing fee: $3 per NFT
- Trading fee: 2% charged to sellers upon sale
The platform supported minting, listing, and auction-style sales—providing creators with tools to monetize digital art and collectibles.
Other notable services included:
- Referral and VIP programs for professional traders
- Backstop Liquidity Provider Program, where market makers could absorb failing positions from leveraged accounts
- Plans for an FTX Visa debit card, converting crypto balances automatically at point-of-sale
Company Background and Growth Timeline
Founded in May 2019 by MIT graduates Sam Bankman-Fried (SBF) and Gary Wang, FTX began operations in Hong Kong before relocating its headquarters to The Bahamas by 2021.
Key Milestones:
- July 2019: Launch of native token FTT
- 2020: Added 12 tokenized stocks including Apple, Amazon, and Tesla
- April 2021: Monthly trading volume exceeded $400 billion
- January 2022: Valued at **$32 billion**, up from $18 billion in mid-2021
- Q1 2022: User base grew by 60% in just three months
- May 2022: Bitcoin spot volume surpassed Coinbase’s by $3 billion in a single month
At its peak, FTX ranked among the top five global exchanges by volume, with average daily trading exceeding $10 billion.
Strategic Partnerships and Brand Presence
FTX invested heavily in brand visibility through high-profile sponsorships:
- Renamed Miami Heat’s arena to FTX Arena (1-year deal worth $135 million)
- Partnered with esports team TSM, rebranding it as Team SoloMid FTX
- Collaborated with Mercedes-AMG Petronas F1 Team
- Signed agreements with the International Cricket Council and Major League Baseball (MLB)
- Became title sponsor of MLB’s “Home Run Derby X”
These moves positioned FTX as a mainstream financial brand bridging crypto culture with traditional sports and entertainment.
Philanthropy and Vision
True to SBF’s effective altruism principles, FTX committed 1% of all trading fees to the FTX Foundation, funding global charitable causes—from pandemic relief to climate change mitigation.
SBF, a former ETF trader at Jane Street Capital, became one of Forbes’ youngest crypto billionaires in 2022. Gary Wang, ex-Google software engineer, co-led technical development. Both were recognized among the top five wealthiest figures in blockchain that year.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q: What were the main trading products offered by FTX?
A: FTX offered spot trading, futures contracts (perpetual and quarterly), leveraged tokens, tokenized stocks, NFTs, and proprietary indices like EXCH, DEFI, and WSB.
Q: Did FTX charge deposit or withdrawal fees?
A: No. FTX did not charge fees for deposits or wallet transfers. OTC fees were embedded in pricing, and futures commissions were clearly stated in USD.
Q: How did FTT token holders benefit?
A: FTT holders received discounted trading fees, eligibility for VIP tiers, and maker rebates. Holding at least $100 in FTT unlocked fee reductions.
Q: Could U.S. users access FTX directly?
A: No. U.S.-based traders used FTX US, a separate entity compliant with local regulations.
Q: What made FTX’s leveraged tokens unique?
A: They automatically rebalanced daily to maintain consistent leverage (e.g., 3x), eliminating the need for manual margin adjustments—ideal for short-term speculation.
Q: Was FTX involved in charitable activities?
A: Yes. The FTX Foundation received 1% of all platform revenue and distributed funds globally to support public health, animal welfare, and existential risk reduction.
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